解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The distribution of primaquine was measured in seven rat tissues at 15-180 min after the intraperitoneal injection of the antimalarial 8-aminoquinoline. The half-life of unmetabolized primaquine was 4.0 h in lung, 1.7-1.9 h in blood, spleen, kidney and heart, and 1.2 h in liver. At each interval, the concentrations of...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137508
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of triamterene (TA) on its phase I and phase II metabolites, p-hydroxytriamterene (OH-TA) and p-hydroxytriamterene sulfuric acid ester (OH-TA ester), on sodium transport in the isolated frog skin. While TA applied to the inside (corial side) surface had no effects on potential difference (PD) an...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137543
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The haemodynamic changes during epidural anaesthesia and following the administration of dihydroergotamine (DHE; 10 micrograms/kg i.v.) were studied in 7 dogs (epidural group). Epidural anaesthesia was associated with reductions in mean arterial, mean pulmonary arterial and mean right atrial pressures. Femoral flow wa...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137566
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute ethanol administration to rats fasted overnight resulted in a significant decrease in the content of glutathione (GSH) of the liver concomitantly with a partial increase in oxidized glutathione levels, representing a net 38% decrease in total GSH equivalents. In these conditions, liver lipoperoxidation is signif...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137514
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noradrenergic neurotransmission in the electrically stimulated isolated splenic strip of the cat was found to be modulated via opiate receptor. Pharmacodynamic parameters of morphine, methionine-enkephalin, azidomorphine, naloxone and N-cyclopropylmethyl-norazidomorphine (CAM) were determined. As CAM proved to be more...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137467
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diabetogenic effects of alloxan (50 mg/kg i.v.) were recorded for 6 weeks in normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. While systolic blood pressure increased in diabetic WKY, SHR exhibited a reduction in systolic blood pressure over the 6-week period. Heart rate of treated SHR, but not WKY, wa...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137367
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It can be readily shown in vitro that various compounds inhibit platelet aggregation but it has been difficult to demonstrate in vivo. A method is suggested here to enable in vivo testing of these compounds; the method utilizes relatively low doses of sodium arachidonate, made possible by the ligation of the pterygopa...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137350
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of several paired analogs of angiotensin II and angiotensin III, designed as antagonists, have been compared in isolated smooth muscle (rat uterus) and by in vivo rat blood pressure assay. These analogs were (1) the angiotensin II series: (1-sarcosine, 7-X, 8-isoleucine-) angiotensin II, and (2) the angiot...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137342
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolated whole stomach of the mouse has been used to study the effect of atropine on gastic acid secretion stimulated by acetylcholine, bethanechol and histamine. Atropine inhibited acid secretory response to acetylcholine and bethanechol in a competitive manner. The following pA2 values for atropine were calculat...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137441
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the rabbit, intracerebroventricular administration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBC) produces fever which is selectively antagonised by phenoxybenzamine. This indicates the involvement of central alpha-adrenoceptors in DBC-induced fever. The decrease in DBC hyperthermia after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) supports the vi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137385
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The temporal effects of vitamin A deficiency on hepatic cytochrome P-450-dependent and conjugation reactions were studied in the rat. Cytochrome P-450 levels and N-methyl-p-chloroaniline N-demethylase activity were significantly reduced in the deficient animals. No other changes in parameters dependent on cytochrome P...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137457
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dependence of intestinal absorption of xenobiotics on the blood flow rate increases from blood flow independent to blood flow limited absorption as the absorbability of the substances increases. Since the absorbed substances are mainly drained by the blood flowing through the subepithelial vessels, not only the to...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000137409
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a discrete-trial avoidance-escape schedule in rats the interactions of morphine (M), chlorpromazine (C) and Haloperidol (H) were studied. All three drugs given alone or in combination disrupted operant behavior. At low doses C and H potentiated each other's effect, while at high doses antagonism could be observe...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137431
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papers published over 100 years since the beginning of the scientific study of drug metabolism in birds were reviewed. Birds were found to be able to accomplish more than 20 general biotransformation reactions in both functionalization and conjugation. Chickens were the primary subject of study but over 30 species of ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137327
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic administration of epinephrine to adult male rats resulted in a significant increase in the rate of ethanol elimination, when given alone or together with the beta-adrenergic blocker alprenolol. This effect was observed concomitantly with an increased hepatic oxygen utilization and no changes in mitochondrial r...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137228
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cimetidine infused intravenously into 6 healthy volunteers did not induce significant changes in plasma levels of prolactin (hPRL), thyreotropin (hTSH), gonadotropin (hLH and hFSH) and growth hormone (hGH). Conversely it caused a significant increase in prolactin response to TRH without modifying the hTSH response to ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137297
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DL-o-, and p-octopamine were tested for beta- and alpha-adrenergic activity in rats. When compared to DL-isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, all three isomers failed to show significant beta-adrenergic activity as assessed by intiation of thirst and by increase in tail skin temperature. All three isomers increas...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137250
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphetamine is a sympathomimetic and psychotropic drug which is extensively metabolized in liver and in brain. One of its major metabolites, p-hydroxyamphetamine, is accumulated by cortical and striatal synaptosomes. In order to learn whether p-hydroxyamphetamine can be further metabolized to a catecholamine, a sensit...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137320
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Particulate fractions of myocardium taken from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) contained an adenylate cyclase system that was less responsive than normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats to norepinephrine, isoproterenol (mixed beta-agonist), salbutamol (beta 2-agonist), dobutamine (beta 1-agonist), dopamine, histamine, a...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137303
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitive radiometric assays were adapted to study the development and kinetics of meperidine and methadone N-demethylation and morphine glucuronidation by microsomes isolated from livers of fetal stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides). Times in development selected for study were midterm, three-quarter term, near t...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137259
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro addition of (-)-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) resulted in a dose-responsive inhibition of the high-affinity specific synaptosomal uptake of both 3H-tryptophan and 3H-choline in mouse forebrain crude synaptosomal preparations. The approximate concentrations of delta9-THC required to cause a 50% ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136839
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The depression of evoked cortical potentials caused by brief periods of cerebral ischemia is attenuated by prior intracarotid injection of cytidoline (2, 4 or 8 mg/kg). Studies performed in hypercapnic cats suggest that the protection afforded by cytidoline is of metabolic rather than hemodynamic origin. The participa...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136830
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The absorption into the systemic circulation of compounds administered intraperitoneally in large volumes was investigated in the rat. The influence on absorption of molecular weight, lipid-water partition coefficient (K), and dissociation constant (pKa) was studied. Nine neutral compounds ranging in molecular weight ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136874
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhibited ulcer formation in the pylorus-ligated rat (Shay rat test). However, this antiulcer activity of THC was substantially less than for the anticholinergic substance tridihexethyl chloride both in terms of degree of activity and potency. In addition, the results of the present s...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136851
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral stopping of plantar perspiration in the mouse was obtained by application of a cotton-wool swab soaked in a 3% solution of BRL 556 in 60% ethanol for 1--2 min to the plantar surface of its right hind paw. For humans, aerosols which are at present on the market produce a sensible reduction in palmar sweating....
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136769
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intraperitoneal pretreatment, 48 h beforehand, with zinc sulphate (22, 44 or 88 mg/kg) were studied on gastric ulceration, gastric secretion and changes in stomach wall mast cell counts induced after 4 h by reserpine (5 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally to intact (unoperated for pylorus occlusion) or pylor...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136864
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of some ergot derivatives on the electroencephalogram and behavior of laboratory animals (mice, rats, rabbits) have been surveyed. The interference of bromocriptine on the dopaminergic central systems has been studied using behavioral (interference with the effects induced by L-dopa, 5HT, TRF or neurolepti...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136819
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurochemical and neuropharmacological investigations with four ergot derivatives reveal differential pharmacodynamic effects of these compounds. Bromocriptine and CM 29-712 showed actions typical of postsynaptic dopamine receptor stimulants, in particular in the extrapyramidal system. CM 29-712 proved to be more pote...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136817
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two diazepam derivatives, the N-desmethyl and the 2'-chlor-N-desmethyldiazepam, were compared in rats using behavioral and EEG techniques. Both drugs had depressant effects upon locomotor activity, facilitated behavior suppressed by punishment, increased the number of shocks received by rats in a Sidman avoidance proc...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136845
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of promethazine on the metabolic responsiveness of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to opsonized zymosan was evaluated by chemiluminescence (CL) assay under the following situations: (1) preincubation of granulocytes with promethazine; (2) simultaneous addition of zymosan and promethazine, and (3) additio...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136787
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum protein binding and serum levels of antipyrine, phenytoin and phenylbutazone were measured in rabbits with acute renal failure induced by uranyl nitrate. The kinetics of antipyrine are not altered in the uraemic rabbit. Serum protein binding of phenytoin and phenylbutazone is decreased and the volume of distribu...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136871
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of hypothermia (4 degrees C) on the components of the cholinergic system of the ileal longitudinal muscle and the adherent Auerbach's plexus of the guinea pig ileum have been investigated. Acetylcholine (ACh) content of the muscle was determined by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. It decreased from 119 to a f...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136756
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five healthy subjects performed submaximal physical exercise approximately 20 h after a single oral dose of phenytoin (5 mg/kg of the sodium salt). The plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA) increased 2- to 3-fold in the post-exercise period. In spite of this, the degree of plasma binding of phenytoin and its total c...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136744
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under the specific conditions reported for the separate tests delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) did not elicit a mutagenic response in microbial and eukaryotic in vitro test systems. THC treatment to histidine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 (susceptible to frame shift mutation) and TA 100 (suscepti...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136789
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The insulinogenic response to a standard i.v. dose of a sulfonylurea can be markedly augmented in normal, conscious dogs if they are given 30 min earlier a single i.v. dose of dihydroergotamine (DHE). Since the parent substance ergotamine posssed no such amplifying properties, further experiments were conducted to cla...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136697
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::34 experienced marijuana users were divided into four equated groups of eight subjects each based on recognition memory test performance. One week later each group was retested following administration of marijuana containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 mg delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. A dose-related effect of marijuana on pulse ra...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136698
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of choleresis produced by atropine (4-10(-4)M) on the biliary elimination of 3H-ouabain and on the biliary clearance rate of 14C-erythritol were studied in the isolated perfused rat liver. The increased bile flow produced by atropine was associated with decreased level of 3H-ouabain in the bile. The cumulative...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000135848
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sammarium (Sm3+) on drug responsiveness of the isolated guinea pig ileum were studied. The lanthanid at the concentration of 2x10(-4) M reduced responsiveness to acetylcholine, histamine and submaximal concentrations of potassium. The maximum response to potassium and the responsiveness to barium remain...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136693
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal lithium clearance, tissue lithium levels, serum lithium concentration, and body temperature were determined in rats given lithium alone or combined with haloperidol (0.5-1 mg/kg). A slight increase in serum lithium concentration occurred in one of the three groups given lithium plus haloperidol. Haloperidol fail...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136708
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of atropine sulfate, trihexyphenidyl HCl, benztropine mesylate, diphenhydramine HCl and ethopropazine HCl on gastric emptying and intestinal transit of a phenol red solution in the rat was examined. Intraperitoneal administration of 0.3 mg/kg atropine, 1.2 mg/kg benztropine and trihexyphenidyl results in a ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136728
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00